Wednesday, 30 November 2011
Demonstrators protest against President Bashar al-Assad in al-Baidah, near Homs. The banner reads ‘To Arab league: the Syrian regime is a liar and criminal.’ (Reuters)
Pressure is mounting on President Bashar al-Assad, with growing foreign condemnation of his repression of the Syrian uprising and attacks by armed rebels that his forces appear unable to stamp out.
European and Arab diplomats told Reuters the top United Nations human rights forum would announce on Wednesday a special Friday session that was expected to condemn Syria for crimes against humanity as Turkey said it would announce its sanctions soon.
The move is partly designed to put pressure on China and Russia to take a stronger stand against Assad’s government.
The 47-member U.N. Human Rights Council’s third session on Syria in eight months is being convened days after a U.N. commission of inquiry said Syrian government forces had committed murder, torture and rape in their crackdown on pro-democracy protests.
European and Arab diplomats told Reuters the top United Nations human rights forum would announce on Wednesday a special Friday session that was expected to condemn Syria for crimes against humanity as Turkey said it would announce its sanctions soon.
The move is partly designed to put pressure on China and Russia to take a stronger stand against Assad’s government.
The 47-member U.N. Human Rights Council’s third session on Syria in eight months is being convened days after a U.N. commission of inquiry said Syrian government forces had committed murder, torture and rape in their crackdown on pro-democracy protests.
“This is very much being led by the Arab group. Some Arab ambassadors are at least as concerned as the European Union and United States and possibly more,” Britain’s ambassador Peter Gooderham told Reuters.
“There is no question that the resolution will be very hard-hitting at the Council's session on Friday,” he said. “It is all intended to build up the maximum pressure that the Human Rights Council can apply.”
An Arab diplomat in Geneva, who declined to be identified, told Reuters: “Arab support is there, the three Gulf Cooperation Council countries who are Council members -- Qatar, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia -- and Jordan. I’m sure Libya will be with us too.”
“It is meant to be a tool for later action in New York,” he said, referring to the General Assembly and Security Council.
On Sunday, the Arab League imposed sanctions on Damascus over its crackdown, in which more than 3,500 people have been killed since March, including 256 children, according to the United Nations. The EU weighed in one day later, further tightening the financial screws on Damascus.
“There is no question that the resolution will be very hard-hitting at the Council's session on Friday,” he said. “It is all intended to build up the maximum pressure that the Human Rights Council can apply.”
An Arab diplomat in Geneva, who declined to be identified, told Reuters: “Arab support is there, the three Gulf Cooperation Council countries who are Council members -- Qatar, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia -- and Jordan. I’m sure Libya will be with us too.”
“It is meant to be a tool for later action in New York,” he said, referring to the General Assembly and Security Council.
On Sunday, the Arab League imposed sanctions on Damascus over its crackdown, in which more than 3,500 people have been killed since March, including 256 children, according to the United Nations. The EU weighed in one day later, further tightening the financial screws on Damascus.
Proposed resolution against Syria
An EU draft resolution to be presented to the U.N. rights forum for adoption strongly condemns “continued widespread, systematic and gross violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms by the Syrian authorities.”
These included executions, killing and persecution of protesters, activists and journalists, as well as arbitrary detentions, enforced disappearances and torture.
“The resolution will certainly be adopted, no question, it has wide support,” the Arab diplomat said.
The draft text recommends that the General Assembly consider the commission of inquiry’s report and refer the report to the Security Council “for its consideration and appropriate action.”
The Security Council has the power to refer a country to the prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC).
“This is probably the most controversial element in the resolution,” Gooderham said.
Russia and China, which both have oil concessions in Syria, teamed up last month to veto a Western-backed Security Council resolution condemning Assad’s government for violence.
The British envoy, asked about chances of winning support from China and Russia for the resolution, said: “Naturally we hope they will support this and not call a vote on the resolution as they did in August where they found themselves in a very small minority of only four states,” he said.
“We hope that they will look at the merits. The seriousness of the evidence is incontrovertible,” he said.
The U.N. commission of inquiry, which interviewed 223 victims and witnesses including defectors from the Syrian army, catalogued executions, torture, brutal rapes and abductions.
“They didn’t even have access to Syria. Imagine what is happening really inside the country,” the Arab diplomat said.
“It is close to the Iraq of Saddam Hussein, it is not any different in terms of human rights,” he said.
These included executions, killing and persecution of protesters, activists and journalists, as well as arbitrary detentions, enforced disappearances and torture.
“The resolution will certainly be adopted, no question, it has wide support,” the Arab diplomat said.
The draft text recommends that the General Assembly consider the commission of inquiry’s report and refer the report to the Security Council “for its consideration and appropriate action.”
The Security Council has the power to refer a country to the prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC).
“This is probably the most controversial element in the resolution,” Gooderham said.
Russia and China, which both have oil concessions in Syria, teamed up last month to veto a Western-backed Security Council resolution condemning Assad’s government for violence.
The British envoy, asked about chances of winning support from China and Russia for the resolution, said: “Naturally we hope they will support this and not call a vote on the resolution as they did in August where they found themselves in a very small minority of only four states,” he said.
“We hope that they will look at the merits. The seriousness of the evidence is incontrovertible,” he said.
The U.N. commission of inquiry, which interviewed 223 victims and witnesses including defectors from the Syrian army, catalogued executions, torture, brutal rapes and abductions.
“They didn’t even have access to Syria. Imagine what is happening really inside the country,” the Arab diplomat said.
“It is close to the Iraq of Saddam Hussein, it is not any different in terms of human rights,” he said.
Turkey prepared for any scenario
Syria’s northern neighbor Turkey said on Tuesday it feared there could be an exodus of Syrians if the violence got worse, and that border states might have to create a buffer zone. Russia in contrast warned major powers against interference.
Turkey said it must prepare for “any scenario.”
“If tens, hundreds of thousands of people start advancing towards the Iraq, Lebanon, Turkey borders, not only Turkey but the international community may be required to take some steps such as a buffer zone,” Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu said in a television interview.
Turkey has an 800-km (500-mile) border with Syria. It has said it will selectively impose sanctions announced by the Arab League to avoid harming the Syrian people.
France has raised the idea of a secured humanitarian corridor, a step which would appear to imply some use of armed forces for security and logistics, if camps were set up on Syria’s border to accommodate masses of refugees.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said other states should “stop issuing ultimatums” to Assad and drop talk of an arms embargo which he said would favor the rebels.
“We know how that worked in Libya when the arms embargo only applied to the Libyan army, the opposition received weapons, and countries like France and Qatar publicly spoke about it without shame,” Lavrov said.
“For the most part, armed groups are provoking the authorities. To expect the authorities to close their eyes to this is not right,” said Moscow's veteran top diplomat.
Syria is a major weapons client of Moscow as well as a long-time strategic ally dating back to Soviet times. It also has close ties with Iran.
Turkey said it must prepare for “any scenario.”
“If tens, hundreds of thousands of people start advancing towards the Iraq, Lebanon, Turkey borders, not only Turkey but the international community may be required to take some steps such as a buffer zone,” Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu said in a television interview.
Turkey has an 800-km (500-mile) border with Syria. It has said it will selectively impose sanctions announced by the Arab League to avoid harming the Syrian people.
France has raised the idea of a secured humanitarian corridor, a step which would appear to imply some use of armed forces for security and logistics, if camps were set up on Syria’s border to accommodate masses of refugees.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said other states should “stop issuing ultimatums” to Assad and drop talk of an arms embargo which he said would favor the rebels.
“We know how that worked in Libya when the arms embargo only applied to the Libyan army, the opposition received weapons, and countries like France and Qatar publicly spoke about it without shame,” Lavrov said.
“For the most part, armed groups are provoking the authorities. To expect the authorities to close their eyes to this is not right,” said Moscow's veteran top diplomat.
Syria is a major weapons client of Moscow as well as a long-time strategic ally dating back to Soviet times. It also has close ties with Iran.
More deaths reported
Meanwhile, Syrian rebel forces ambushed an army vehicle in northern Syria on Tuesday, killing three soldiers and capturing two others, human rights observers said.
“The security forces vehicle was targeted while driving in the city of Saraqeb in Idlib province by a group of suspected army defectors,” the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said in a statement.
Activists said nine civilians, among them a child, died in fresh violence across Syria.
An eight-year-old girl was among five civilians killed in the flashpoint central city of Homs. She was struck by a stray bullet from a security checkpoint, the Observatory said, according to AFP.
And three people were shot dead in Rankuss near Damascus, where at least 17 civilians have been killed since Sunday, it said.
Troops also arrested 29 high school students in a raid in the southern province of Deraa, cradle of the anti-regime dissent.
Syria blames “armed terrorists” for the violence, and on Monday Foreign Minister Walid Muallem slammed Arab countries for ignoring these claims.
“The Arabs don’t want to admit the presence in Syria of groups of armed terrorists who are committing these crimes, abductions and attacks on public places,” he said.
Muallem denounced the punitive measures as “economic war,” but said Syria was capable of weathering the effects of the sanctions.
“The security forces vehicle was targeted while driving in the city of Saraqeb in Idlib province by a group of suspected army defectors,” the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said in a statement.
Activists said nine civilians, among them a child, died in fresh violence across Syria.
An eight-year-old girl was among five civilians killed in the flashpoint central city of Homs. She was struck by a stray bullet from a security checkpoint, the Observatory said, according to AFP.
And three people were shot dead in Rankuss near Damascus, where at least 17 civilians have been killed since Sunday, it said.
Troops also arrested 29 high school students in a raid in the southern province of Deraa, cradle of the anti-regime dissent.
Syria blames “armed terrorists” for the violence, and on Monday Foreign Minister Walid Muallem slammed Arab countries for ignoring these claims.
“The Arabs don’t want to admit the presence in Syria of groups of armed terrorists who are committing these crimes, abductions and attacks on public places,” he said.
Muallem denounced the punitive measures as “economic war,” but said Syria was capable of weathering the effects of the sanctions.
No comments:
Post a Comment